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New York City's demographics show that it is a large and ethnically diverse metropolis. It is the largest city in the United States with a population defined by a long history of international immigration. New York City was home to nearly 8.5 million people in 2014,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places of 50,000 or More, Ranked by July 1, 2014 Population: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014 - United States -- Places of 50,000+ Population - 2014 Population Estimates )〕 accounting for over 40% of the population of New York State and a slightly lower percentage of the New York metropolitan area, home to approximately 23.6 million. Over the last decade the city has been growing faster than the region. The New York region continues to be by far the leading metropolitan gateway for legal immigrants admitted into the United States.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2012 Supplemental Table 2 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2011 Supplemental Table 2 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2010 Supplemental Table 2 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Yearbook of Immigration Statistics: 2009 Supplemental Table 2 )〕 Throughout its history, New York City has been a major point of entry for immigrants; the term "melting pot" was coined to describe densely populated immigrant neighborhoods on the Lower East Side. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Endangered Language Alliance )〕 making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.〔〔 〕 English remains the most widely spoken language, although there are areas in the outer boroughs in which up to 25% of people speak English as an alternate language, and/or have limited or no English language fluency. English is least spoken in neighborhoods such as Flushing, Sunset Park, and Corona. ==Population== New York City is the most populous city in the United States, with an estimated 8,491,079 people living in the city, according to U.S. Census estimates dating July 1, 2014〔 (up from 8,175,133 in 2010; 8.0 million in 2000; and 7.3 million in 1990).〔 New York's two key demographic features are its population density and cultural diversity. The city's population density of 26,403 people per square mile (10,194/km²), makes it the densest of any American municipality with a population above 100,000.〔(United States -- Places and (in selected states) County Subdivisions with 50,000 or More Population; and for Puerto Rico ), United States Census Bureau United States Census, 2000. Accessed June 12, 2007.〕 Manhattan's population density is 66,940 people per square mile (25,846/km²), highest of any county in the United States.〔("Population Density" ), Geographic Information Systems - GIS of Interest. Accessed May 17, 2007. "What I discovered is that out of the 3140 counties listed in the Census population data only 178 counties were calculated to have a population density over one person per acre. Not surprisingly, New York County (which contains Manhattan) had the highest population density with a calculated 104.218 persons per acre."〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=U.S. Census Bureau )〕 New York City is multicultural. About 36% of the city's population is foreign-born, one of the highest among US cities. The eleven nations constituting the largest sources of modern immigration to New York City are the Dominican Republic, China, Jamaica, Guyana, Mexico, Ecuador, Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Colombia, Russia and El Salvador. The New York City metropolitan area is home to the largest Jewish community outside Israel.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=World Jewish Population )〕 It is also home to nearly a quarter of the nation's Indian Americans and 15% of all Korean Americans〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA CSA ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2009 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=United States ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2009 )〕 and the largest Asian Indian population in the Western Hemisphere; the largest African American community of any city in the country; and including 6 Chinatowns in the city proper, comprised as of 2008 a population of 659,596 overseas Chinese,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area ACS Demographic and Housing Estimates: 2008 )〕 the largest outside of Asia. New York City alone, according to the 2010 Census, has now become home to more than one million Asian Americans, greater than the combined totals of San Francisco and Los Angeles. New York contains the highest total Asian population of any U.S. city proper.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Asian American Statistics )〕 6.0% of New York City is of Chinese ethnicity, with about forty percent of them living in the borough of Queens alone. Koreans make up 1.2% of the city's population, and Japanese at 0.3%. Filipinos are the largest southeast Asian ethnic group at 0.8%, followed by Vietnamese who make up only 0.2% of New York City's population. Indians are the largest South Asian group, comprising 2.4% of the city's population, and Bangladeshis and Pakistanis at 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively. The largest ethnic groups as of the 2005 census estimates are: African American, African or Caribbean, Puerto Ricans, Italians, West Indians, Dominicans, Chinese, Irish, Russian, and German.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Population - New York City Department of City Planning )〕 The Puerto Rican population of New York City is the largest outside Puerto Rico.〔Archive of the Mayor's Press Office, (''Mayor Giuliani Proclaims Puerto Rican Week in New York City'' ), Tuesday, June 9, 1998.〕 Italians emigrated to the city in large numbers in the early 20th century, establishing several "Little Italies". The Irish also have a notable presence, along with Germans. New York City has a high degree of income variation. In 2005 the median household income in the highest census tract was reported to be $188,697, while in the lowest it was $9,320. The variance is driven by wage growth in high income brackets, while wages have stagnated for middle and lower income brackets. In 2006 the average weekly wage in Manhattan was $1,453, the highest and fastest growing among the largest counties in the United States. The borough is also experiencing a "baby boom" among the wealthy that is unique among U.S. cities. Since 2000, the number of children under age 5 living in Manhattan has grown by more than 32%. In 2000, about 3 out of every 10 New York City housing units were owner-occupied, compared to about 2 owner-occupied units out of every 3 units in the U.S. as a whole.〔U.S. Census Bureau, ''Statistical Abstract of the United States, 2003'' (page 617), Table 957: Housing Units and Tenure for Large Cities: 2000〕 Rental vacancy is usually between 3% and 4.5%, well below the 5% threshold defined to be a housing emergency, justifying the continuation of rent control and rent stabilization. About 33% of rental units fall under rent stabilization, according to which increases are adjudicated periodically by city agencies. Rent control covers only a very small number of rental units.〔(Housing Vacancy Survey )〕 Some critics point to New York City's strict zoning and other regulations as partial causes for the housing shortage, but during the city's decline in population from the 1960s through the 1980s, a large number of apartment buildings suffered suspected arson fires or were abandoned by their owners. Once the population trend was reversed, with rising prospects for rentals and sales, new construction has resumed, but generally for purchasers in higher income brackets. New York is the largest city in the United States, with the city proper's population more than double the next largest city, Los Angeles (or roughly equivalent to the combined populations of Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston, the United States' second, third, and fourth most populous cities respectively). The city has a population more than that of 39 U.S. states.〔List of U.S. states by population〕 The estimated 2009 population of New York City is 8,391,881 (up from 7.072 million in 1980).〔Gibson, Campbell.(Population of the 100 Largest Cities and Other Urban Places in the United States:1790 to 1990 ), United States Census Bureau, June 1998. Retrieved June 12, 2007.〕〔U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, (Table 5. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Minor Civil Divisions in New York, Listed Alphabetically Within County: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (SUB-EST2009-05-36) ) and (Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places Over 100,000, Ranked by July 1, 2009 Population: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2009 (SUB-EST2009-01) ), Release Date: June 2010, retrieved on July 31, 2010〕 This amounts to about 40% of New York State's population and a similar percentage of the metropolitan regional population. Over the last decade the city has been growing rapidly. Demographers estimate New York's population will reach between 9.4 and 9.7 million by 2030.〔 See also 〕 In 2000 the reported life expectancy of New Yorkers was above the national average. Life expectancy for females born in 2009 in New York City is 80.2 years and for males is 74.5 years. New York's two key demographic features are its density and diversity. The city has an extremely high population density of 26,403 people per square mile (10,194/km²), about 10,000 more people per square mile than the next densest large American city, San Francisco.〔For cities with more than 200,000 residents.(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://gislounge.com/features/aa041101c.shtml )〕 Manhattan's population density is 66,940 people per square mile (25,846/km²).〔 The city has a long tradition of attracting international immigration and Americans seeking careers in certain sectors. As of 2006, New York City has ranked number one for seven consecutive years as the city most U.S. residents would most like to live in or near. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Demographics of New York City」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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